San Marino
Europe · Untouched
- Capital
- City of San Marino
- Population
- 34K
- Area
- 61 km²
About San Marino
San Marino, perched on the slopes of Mount Titano in the Apennines, is entirely surrounded by Italy, a microstate that traces its founding to the stonemason Marinus in AD 301. Its capital, the City of San Marino, clings to the mountainside beneath three medieval towers. Claiming to be the world's oldest surviving republic, it has guarded its independence for centuries through diplomacy rather than conquest.
- San Marino is one of only three countries completely enclosed within another, alongside Vatican City and Lesotho.
- Every six months San Marino swears in two heads of state at once, the Captains Regent, an office echoing the paired consuls of ancient Rome.
- The three towers on San Marino's flag and coat of arms, Guaita, Cesta, and Montale, crown the peaks of Mount Titano.
Mastery
- Capital
- Flag
- Shape
- Drop
- Borders
- Population
- Landmark
Italy